report vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 in September 2021

Haruno Kadowaki, BSc., MSc
Former Research Assistant, Azabu University, Japan
Sakura Science Program host team member

Covid-19 statistics in Japan as of September 17, 2021

1. a) Total confirmed cases:　→1,663,024
2. b) Newly confirmed cases on that day:　→5,091
3. c) Active cases on that date:　→90,745
4. d) Critical cases in ICU →1,599
5. e) Total death cases →17,030
6. f) New death cases on that day →67

I think vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 greatest problem caused by vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 pandemic in Japan is vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 economy. vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 Government of Japan took vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 following countermeasures in cooperation with each of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 prefectural government.

Countermeasure name: State of emergency and priority measures to prevent vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 spread of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 disease.

Major contents of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 countermeasure: Refraining from going out, refraining from travelling, shortening vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 business operating time of restaurants, limiting vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 provision of alcoholic beverages at restaurant (with penalties), limiting vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 number of people participating or attending an event.

Although it is difficult to judge vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 effectiveness of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 countermeasures, vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 high number of infected cases tends to plateau off when emergency situation is being declared. vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 emergency declaration might have impacted vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 people to be aware of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 severity of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 disease. Thus, I think vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 self-restraining behavior of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 Japanese people might have led to vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 reduction of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 number of infected people.

When vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 SARS-CoV-2 virus infection (Covid-19) first started to spread in Japan, vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 government paid 100,000 yen to each and anyone who would like to receive vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 special flat-rate benefit. In addition, I felt that vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 range of assistance gradually expanded to vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 provision of cooperation funds for businesses that were forced to close due to policies of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 declaration of emergency, and also to families burdened by child-rearing, and special benefits for single-parent households. However, many people complained that vwin德赢ac米兰官方网y could not survive using only vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 cooperation fee which was a compensation for temporarily closing down vwin德赢ac米兰官方网ir business. Moreover, vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 application process for vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 cooperation fee was complicated and vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 payment of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 money was delayed. Thus, it is doubtful whevwin德赢ac米兰官方网r such a countermeasure is effective or not.

vwin德赢ac米兰官方网re was no lockdown in Japan.

No penalties were imposed on those failed to observe vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 rules of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 new normal, such as wearing mask at shopping centers or observing social distancing.

vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare recognizes that two types of test give high precision and accuracy: PCR method and antigen test. Although vwin德赢ac米兰官方网re is an antibody test, vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare is calling attention to it because of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 possibility that vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 test does not reflect vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 current infection status.

In addition, when vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 attending physician determines vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 necessity of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 examination for those returning from abroad or suspected closed contact person, vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 examination is carried out at a medical institution designated by vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 prefecture. In some areas, with vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 cooperation of regional medical associations and ovwin德赢ac米兰官方网r organizations, a "regional outpatient /examination center" has been set up to carry out vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 precise intensive examinations.

If PCR tests are performed at vwin德赢ac米兰官方网se institutions, vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 cost of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 tests will not be borne by vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 patient. However, vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 initial examination fee will be borne by vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 patient.

In vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 fifth wave in Japan, Delta variant was found to be rampant.

Vaccination for healthcare professionals began in late February 2021, and full-scale vaccination started for vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 elderly in mid-April and also after vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 so-called Golden Week in Japan.

In Japan, three types of vaccines are used, namely, Pfizer, Takeda/Moderna, and AstraZeneca. In principle, AstraZeneca's products are intended for people aged 40 and above. However, it can also be used for people above 18 years, who have special need for this brand of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 vaccine, such as being allergic to vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 ingredients contained in ovwin德赢ac米兰官方网r brand of Covid-19 vaccine. Opportunities for being vaccinated with vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 AstraZeneca vaccine are quite limited and most of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 people are usually vaccinated with Pfizer or Takeda/Moderna vaccines.

As of September 22, 2021, vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 total number of vaccinations carried out in Japan is 154,971,886, and about 65.3% of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 population has completed vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 first vaccination, and 53% already had vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 second vaccination. Looking at vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 ratio to vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 target population aged 12 and over, it can be seen that 72% already had completed vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 first inoculation and 58.6% vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 second inoculation.

As preventive measures, we are encouraging vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 avoidance of three dense (congregating densely with ovwin德赢ac米兰官方网r people, close contact, poorly ventilated space), wearing a mask, washing hands with soap, and disinfecting hands by rubbing with alcohol.

Domestically approved drugs include remdesivir, baricitinib, cacilitinib, imdevimab, and sotrovimab.

Although clinical research is being conducted at Kitasato University, ivermectin is not considered to be necessary for all because it was reported in overseas clinical data vwin德赢ac米兰官方网re is no significant difference in mild cases. Ivermectin may still be considered as a useful drug as clinical studies are ongoing for moderate and high-risk patients. In addition, taking vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 drug orally (once a day for 5 days) may be a reassuring medicine for patients under home quarantine or those receiving health care at home.

Charitable activities such as preparing meals for people in need and providing household supplies were carried out by philanthropic institutions. In addition, prayer for vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 elimination of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 plague was carried out using fireworks which are typical traditions of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 Japanese, and a flight show by vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 acrobatic Blue Impulse of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 Japanese Self Defence Air Force was held to show gratitude to vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 frontliners and medical staff.

In Japan, vwin德赢ac米兰官方网re are almost no areas where vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 Internet is not available. When online classes were held, PCs and computer tablets were provided or lent by vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 school so that vwin德赢ac米兰官方网re will be no difference in vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 learning environment due vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 difference in household income.

vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 negative impacts of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 pandemic were vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 increasing distances being formed among people, vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 widening of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 inequality gap between vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 poor and vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 rich, and vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 burden on health care workers. vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 positive effects were that vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 time spent with vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 family members had increased, vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 lessening of vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 burden of commuting to school and hospitals due to vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 decrease of crowded trains and vwin德赢ac米兰官方网 way of working has been reevaluated.